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Framing & Lumber Guides

Guides for framing and woodworking projects: building walls, roofs and sheds, buying lumber and plywood, and pricing hardwood by the board foot. Learn how studs, rafters and trusses are laid out, what lumber sizes really measure and how to cut waste when you order. Each guide is written for homeowners and DIY builders, with links to the calculators that count studs, rafters, sheets and board feet.

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Framing & Lumber

Nominal vs Actual Lumber Sizes: What a 2×4 Really Measures

Updated Oct 27, 20266 min read
October 27, 2026October 16, 2026 by Home And Yard Calc
Tape measure showing a 2x4 is 3½ inches wide

A 2×4 actually measures 1½ × 3½ inches. The name, 2 by 4, is its nominal size: the size the board is rough-sawn to … Read more

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Framing & Lumber calculators

Stud calculatorStuds, plates and headers for a framed wall at 12, 16 or 24 inch spacing.Rafter calculatorRafter length, roof angle and how many rafters to buy, from span and pitch.Roof truss calculatorHow many roof trusses you need, plus peak height and chord lengths.Board foot calculatorBoard feet and lumber cost for any mix of boards and sizes.Log board foot calculatorBoard feet in a log by the Doyle, Scribner and International rules.Plywood calculatorSheets of plywood or OSB for floors, walls and roofs.

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