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Home - Masonry & Hardscape Guides

Masonry & Hardscape Guides

Guides for block, brick and stone work: building block and brick walls, laying a paver patio, building a fire pit and putting up a garden retaining wall. Learn how to prepare a solid base, which mortar or sand to use, how to handle drainage behind a wall and when a wall needs a permit. Each guide links to the calculator that counts blocks, bricks, pavers and gravel.

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Masonry & Hardscape

Paver Base Material: What to Put Under Pavers and How Deep

Updated Oct 23, 20269 min read
October 23, 2026October 16, 2026 by Home And Yard Calc
Paver patio being built with a compacted gravel base, screeded bedding sand and pavers

Under pavers you need two built layers: a compacted base of crushed stone and a thin bed of sand. For a patio or walkway … Read more

Categories Masonry & Hardscape Guides
Masonry & Hardscape

CMU Block Sizes: Standard Concrete and Cinder Block Dimensions

Oct 16, 20269 min read
October 16, 2026 by Home And Yard Calc
Concrete blocks in 4, 8 and 12 inch widths side by side with a tape measure

A standard concrete block, often called a cinder block or CMU (concrete masonry unit), is 8 × 8 × 16 inches nominal. Its actual … Read more

Categories Masonry & Hardscape Guides
Masonry & Hardscape

Standard Brick Dimensions: Size Chart, Types and Weights

Oct 16, 20269 min read
October 16, 2026October 16, 2026 by Home And Yard Calc
Standard Brick Dimensions Size Chart, Types and Weights

The most common brick in the United States is the modular brick: 3⅝ in deep, 2¼ in tall and 7⅝ in long (92 × … Read more

Categories Masonry & Hardscape Guides

Masonry & Hardscape calculators

Retaining wall calculatorWall blocks, caps and drainage gravel for a block or poured retaining wall.Concrete block calculatorCinder blocks, mortar and core fill for a block wall.Brick calculatorBricks, mortar and sand for a wall, by brick size.Paver calculatorPavers, base gravel, bedding sand and joint sand for a patio or walkway.

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